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Правильная ссылка на статью:
Popova S.M., Yanik A.A.
Approaches to a POssible Model for Space Resources Mining Regulations
// Исследования космоса.
2018. № 1.
С. 365-371.
DOI: 10.7256/2453-8817.2018.1.27372 URL: https://nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27372
Approaches to a POssible Model for Space Resources Mining Regulations / Approaches to a POssible Model for Space Resources Mining Regulations
DOI: 10.7256/2453-8817.2018.1.27372Дата направления статьи в редакцию: 08-09-2018Дата публикации: 15-09-2018Аннотация: Статья вносит вклад в дискуссии о создании возможной правовой модели регулирования деятельности по разведке, добыче и использованию космических ресурсов. Показано, что нахождение способа должного урегулирования сферы добычи космических ископаемых не является чисто юридической проблемой. Прежде всего, это проблема поиска международного консенсуса в части выбора модели принципиальной системы, в рамках которой будет развиваться деятельность по добыче космических ресурсов. Анализ актуальных дискуссий показывает, что юридическая теория не способна предложить правовую модель, которая была бы равным образом поддержана всеми странами ООН. Авторы отмечают практическую полезность расширения контекста, в котором происходит анализ проблем, связанных с регулированием добычи космических ресурсов. В статье формулируются некоторые условия для достижения консенсуса, а также предложения по возможным практическим решениям. В частности, предлагается обсудить идею о возможности сбалансировать шаги по либерализации экономической деятельности в космическом пространстве принятием норм, которые юридически обяжут компании, занимающиеся добычей космических ресурсов, выделять определенную долю прибыли от этой деятельности на развитие возможностей космических исследований для развивающихся стран. Ключевые слова: Космическое право, Космическая политика, Космическая экономика, ООН, UNOOSA, Космические ресурсы, Частная космическая деятельность, Освоение космоса, Правовая модель, Мягкое правоAbstract: The co-authors present their ideas to contribute to the UNOOSA discussions on a possible legal model of regulating the space resources exploration, exploitation, and utilization. It is shown that finding modalities to regulate the field of space resources mining properly is not a purely legal problem. It is a problem of seeking the international consensus for choosing an operating model the Space resources mining activities will develop within. The analysis of current discussions marks that the legal philosophy cannot be able to propose the legal model which would be endorsed by all UN countries. In today’s context, it would be more useful to start with the search for workable solutions which most of UN countries will consider as politically fair and economically efficient ones. The authors note the practical benefit of analysis the issues of space resources regulations from different perspectives and give some modalities for a consensus to find as well as proposals for action. In particular, the authors suggest for discussion the proposal to balance the potential permission to perform the freedom of economic activity in Outer Space by the legally binding norms requiring bodies involved in the space resources mining to allocate a certain share of the profits from this activity to develop space exploration opportunities for the non-space countries. Keywords: Space Law, Space Policy, Space Economy, UN, UNOOSA, Space Resources, Commercial Space Activity, Space Exploration, Legal Model, Soft LawБиблиография
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