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SENTENTIA. European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
Правильная ссылка на статью:

A.A. Paramonova The Psychoanalytic Discourse in Russia about a Child Growing up in the Second Decade of the Twentieth century (Celebrating the Centennial of the Child Psychoanalysis Establishment in Russia)

Аннотация: 1. The psychoanalysis ideas of the early twentieth century in Russia had been distributed among a wide range of professionals; psychoanalytic concepts of S. Freud and his followers had been used by Russian doctors, teachers and psychologists for the systematic investigation of children in order to study their early mental development and the process of their socialization.2. Understanding of the child\’s mental life in its foundations in the study of Russian psychoanalysts such as M. Wolf, I.D. Ermakov, V.F. Schmidt, S. Spielrein, etc. does not contradict the cultural-historical theory ideas of L.S. Vygotsky. The shift of focus towards the child\’s constitutional development study is balanced by the analysts understanding of the environment creation necessary for their socialization, and practical recommendations for teachers and educators. 3. Many ideas of Russian analysts regarding the child\’s development anticipated the ideas of Western ones, but they were interrupted by the historical conditions of Russia development in the 1920s. 4. Social and cultural conditions in Russia of the 1920s and 1930s prevented psychoanalytic ideas developing further because of the acute demands of reality: the country\’s social situation crisis, the necessity to develop fast effective psychological means of help for a child and a teacher, the lack of the required number of experts in this field, a large number of children and other problems.5. The restoration and interpretation of Russian psychoanalysts\’ ideas in the 1920s in the field of childhood are important for modern researchers. On the basis of this material they understand the uniqueness of the historical development path of domestic psychological knowledge about a child and the introduction of psychoanalytic ideas in the field of child development into the modern psychological knowledge circulation.

Ключевые слова:

child’s mental life, psychoanalysis ideas, socialization, teachers, educators, social conditions, cultural conditions, psychoanalytic ideas, child, Russia.

Abstract: 1. The psychoanalysis ideas of the early twentieth century in Russia had been distributed among a wide range of professionals; psychoanalytic concepts of S. Freud and his followers had been used by Russian doctors, teachers and psychologists for the systematic investigation of children in order to study their early mental development and the process of their socialization.2. Understanding of the child\’s mental life in its foundations in the study of Russian psychoanalysts such as M. Wolf, I.D. Ermakov, V.F. Schmidt, S. Spielrein, etc. does not contradict the cultural-historical theory ideas of L.S. Vygotsky. The shift of focus towards the child\’s constitutional development study is balanced by the analysts understanding of the environment creation necessary for their socialization, and practical recommendations for teachers and educators. 3. Many ideas of Russian analysts regarding the child\’s development anticipated the ideas of Western ones, but they were interrupted by the historical conditions of Russia development in the 1920s. 4. Social and cultural conditions in Russia of the 1920s and 1930s prevented psychoanalytic ideas developing further because of the acute demands of reality: the country\’s social situation crisis, the necessity to develop fast effective psychological means of help for a child and a teacher, the lack of the required number of experts in this field, a large number of children and other problems.5. The restoration and interpretation of Russian psychoanalysts\’ ideas in the 1920s in the field of childhood are important for modern researchers. On the basis of this material they understand the uniqueness of the historical development path of domestic psychological knowledge about a child and the introduction of psychoanalytic ideas in the field of child development into the modern psychological knowledge circulation.

Keywords:

child’s mental life, psychoanalysis ideas, socialization, teachers, educators, social conditions, cultural conditions, psychoanalytic ideas, child, Russia.


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Библиография
1. Angelini, A. Psychoanalysis in Russia. From predecessors to the 1930s / Translated from Italian. – Moscow: ARIO, 2002. – 340p.
2. Belkin, A.I., Litvinov, A.V. The history of psychoanalysis in Soviet Russia. // Russian Psychoanalytic Journal. – 1992. – № 2. – P. 9–33
3. Child analysis and therapy / Edited by Jules Glenn. –London, Karnak, 1978. – 812p.
4. Child analysis today / Edited by Luis Rodriguez de la Sierra/ –London, N.Y.: Karnak, 2004. – 116p.
5. Ermakov, I.D. Child’s organic knowledge experience / under the scientific editorship of S.F. Sirotkin. – Izhevsk, 2009. – 488p.
6. Ermakov, I.D. Archive materials about the Experimental home «International Solidarity.» (The personal archive of Davydova M.P.)
7. Ellenberger, G.F. The discovery of the unconscious. Part.II. The therapeutic systems of late XIX-early XX century. – St. Petersburg.: Publishing House «Janus», 2004. – 668p.
8. Freud, S. Psychoanalysis of a child phobia (The analysis of a phobia in a five-year old boy). – M., 1913–150p.
9. Freud, S. Essays on the psychology of sexuality. / Transl. by Prof. M.V. Wolf and introd. by I.D. Ermakov. – M.: MC «System» at MC VLKSM, 1990. – 112p.
10. Geissmann, C.& Geissmann,, P. A history of child psychoanalysis. – London, New York, 1998. – 491p.
11. Handbook of child psychoanalysis: Research, theory and practice / Wolman, B.B. (Ed.) – Van Nostrand Remhold Company: New York, 1996. – 644p.
12. Heinz, P. Works of Sigmund Freud. Introduction to Freud’s work. [Text]. // Encyclopedia of depth psychology. V.I Sigmund Freud: Life, work, heritage. / Transl. from Germ. – M.: Cogito-Center, 2001. – P. 17–31.
13. Leibin, V.M. The fortune of psychoanalysis in Russia. [Text]. // Sigmund Freud and psychoanalysis in Russia: S. Freud works on psychoanalysis. – Voronezh: MODEK, 2000. – 386p.
14. Leibin, V.M. Psychoanalysis, Jung, Russia. [Text]. // Russian Psychoanalytic journal– 1992. – № 2. – P. 45–53.
15. Ovcharenko, V.I. The history of Russian psychoanalysis and problems of its periodization // Archetype. Philosophic Psychoanalytic journal. – 1996. – № 3–4. – P.145–150.
16. Ovcharenko ,V.I. The first century of Russian psychoanalysis // Psychoanalytic reporter. – 2003. – № 11. – P. 39–59;
17. Ovcharenko, V.I. Destiny of Sabina Spielrein // Russian Psychoanalytic Journal. –1992.–№ 2. – P. 64–70.
18. Ovcharenko, V.I. The history of Russian psychoanalysis and problems of its periodization // Archetype. Philosophic Psychoanalytic journal. – 1996. – № 3–4. – P.145–150.
19. Ovcharenko, V.I., Leybin V.M. Anthology of Russian psychoanalysis in 2 volumes-M., MPSI, Flinta, 1999. – p. 844, p. 864.
20. Paramonova, A.A. Idei russkikh psikhoanalitikov 1920–kh godov o razvitii rebenka v kontekste vzglyadov sovremennogo detskogo psikhoanaliza // Ezhegodnik detskogo psikhoanaliza i psikhoanaliticheskoy pedagogiki. – Izhevsk: ERGO. – 2009. – S. 90–101.
21. Paramonova, A.A. Otkrytie detstva v Rossii: Razvitie nauchnogo znaniya o rebenke v istorii otechestvennoy psikhologii kontsa XIX – nachala XX vv. Izhevsk: ERGO, 2010. – 172 s.
22. Paramonova, A.A. Detskiy psikhoanaliz v Rossii: vchera, segodnya, zavtra. Bibliografiya nauchnykh istochnikov po detskomu psikhoanalizu, izdannykh v 1900–2012 godakh. – M.: MGUTU, 2012. – 106 s.
23. Paramonova, A.A. Osnovnye problemy detskogo psikhoanaliza // Prikladnaya yuridicheskaya psikhologiya. – 2012. –№ 3. – S. 35–54.
24. Paramonova, A.A. Scientific contribution of Sigmund Freud in the development of children’s psychoanalysis // Psychology and psychotechnics. – 2012. –№ 9. – S. 16–26.
25. Paramonova, A.A. Development of the theory and techniques of child psychoanalysis in the works of Hermine Hg-Helmut (1871–1924) // Psychology and psychotechnics. – 2013. –№ 7. – S. 676–684.
26. Paramonova, A.A. The development of child psychoanalysis in works of Vera Fyodorovna Schmidt (1889– 1937) // Applied Sciences in Europe: tendencies of contemporary development, proceedings of the 3rd International scientific conference. ORT Publishing. – Stuttgart, 2013. –P.34–40.
27. Psychological and psychoanalytical library under the ed. of the Prof. I.D. Ermakov 1922–1925.: bibliography. – Izhevsk: ERGO, 2010. – 88p.
28. Richenbeher, S. Sabina Spielrein: Almost violent love for science (biography) / Richenbeher; [Translation from Germ.]. – Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 2007. – 386p.
29. Tyson, F., Tyson, L. Psychoanalytic theories of development. – Ekaterinburg: Business Book, 1998. – 462p.
30. Schmidt, V.F. Psychoanalytic education in the Soviet Union. The report about the solidarity international experimental home in Moscow / Translation f. Germ of Paramonova A.A. // Psychoanalytic Journal. – 2009. – Ed.20. – № 1. – P. 180–199.
31. Schmidt, V.F. Psychoanalytic and pedagogical works in 4–v.V.1: Mother’s Diary. / Under the scientific ed. S.F. Sirotkin. – Izhevsk: ERGO,2009. – 346p.
32. Schmidt ,V.F. The meaning of breastfeeding and the finger sucking for the mental development of the child // Yearbook of child psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic pedagogy / Man. Ed. S.F. Sirotkin. – Izhevsk: ERGO, 2008. – P. 134–146.
33. Schmidt, V.F. About one child’s Wissenstrieb development / Yearbook of child psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic pedagogy / Man. Ed. S.F. Sirotkin. – Izhevsk: ERGO, 2008. – P. 146–174;
34. Spielrein S.N. Psychoanalytic summa/ Transl. from Germ., Eng., French. / Under the scientific. Ed. of S.F. Sirotkin, E.S. Morozova. – Izhevsk: ERGO, 2008. – P. 478.
35. Spitz R., Kobliner G. First year of life: Psychoanalytic study of normal and abnormal development of object relations / Translation from English. – Moscow: GERRUS, 2000. – 360p.
36. Storck, J. Mental development of a young child from a psychoanalytic point of view // Encyclopedia of depth psychology. V. II. New directions in psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis of Society. Psychoanalytic movement. Psychoanalysis in Eastern Europe. / Translation from Germ. – M.: «Cogito Center,» MGM, 2001. – P.134–199.
37. Wolf, M.V. Psychology of children’s whims. – Odessa, 1929. – 39p.
38. Wolf, M.V. Fantasy and reality in the psyche of a child. – Odessa. 1926. – 42p
References
1. Angelini, A. Psychoanalysis in Russia. From predecessors to the 1930s / Translated from Italian. – Moscow: ARIO, 2002. – 340p.
2. Belkin, A.I., Litvinov, A.V. The history of psychoanalysis in Soviet Russia. // Russian Psychoanalytic Journal. – 1992. – № 2. – P. 9–33
3. Child analysis and therapy / Edited by Jules Glenn. –London, Karnak, 1978. – 812p.
4. Child analysis today / Edited by Luis Rodriguez de la Sierra/ –London, N.Y.: Karnak, 2004. – 116p.
5. Ermakov, I.D. Child’s organic knowledge experience / under the scientific editorship of S.F. Sirotkin. – Izhevsk, 2009. – 488p.
6. Ermakov, I.D. Archive materials about the Experimental home «International Solidarity.» (The personal archive of Davydova M.P.)
7. Ellenberger, G.F. The discovery of the unconscious. Part.II. The therapeutic systems of late XIX-early XX century. – St. Petersburg.: Publishing House «Janus», 2004. – 668p.
8. Freud, S. Psychoanalysis of a child phobia (The analysis of a phobia in a five-year old boy). – M., 1913–150p.
9. Freud, S. Essays on the psychology of sexuality. / Transl. by Prof. M.V. Wolf and introd. by I.D. Ermakov. – M.: MC «System» at MC VLKSM, 1990. – 112p.
10. Geissmann, C.& Geissmann,, P. A history of child psychoanalysis. – London, New York, 1998. – 491p.
11. Handbook of child psychoanalysis: Research, theory and practice / Wolman, B.B. (Ed.) – Van Nostrand Remhold Company: New York, 1996. – 644p.
12. Heinz, P. Works of Sigmund Freud. Introduction to Freud’s work. [Text]. // Encyclopedia of depth psychology. V.I Sigmund Freud: Life, work, heritage. / Transl. from Germ. – M.: Cogito-Center, 2001. – P. 17–31.
13. Leibin, V.M. The fortune of psychoanalysis in Russia. [Text]. // Sigmund Freud and psychoanalysis in Russia: S. Freud works on psychoanalysis. – Voronezh: MODEK, 2000. – 386p.
14. Leibin, V.M. Psychoanalysis, Jung, Russia. [Text]. // Russian Psychoanalytic journal– 1992. – № 2. – P. 45–53.
15. Ovcharenko, V.I. The history of Russian psychoanalysis and problems of its periodization // Archetype. Philosophic Psychoanalytic journal. – 1996. – № 3–4. – P.145–150.
16. Ovcharenko ,V.I. The first century of Russian psychoanalysis // Psychoanalytic reporter. – 2003. – № 11. – P. 39–59;
17. Ovcharenko, V.I. Destiny of Sabina Spielrein // Russian Psychoanalytic Journal. –1992.–№ 2. – P. 64–70.
18. Ovcharenko, V.I. The history of Russian psychoanalysis and problems of its periodization // Archetype. Philosophic Psychoanalytic journal. – 1996. – № 3–4. – P.145–150.
19. Ovcharenko, V.I., Leybin V.M. Anthology of Russian psychoanalysis in 2 volumes-M., MPSI, Flinta, 1999. – p. 844, p. 864.
20. Paramonova, A.A. Idei russkikh psikhoanalitikov 1920–kh godov o razvitii rebenka v kontekste vzglyadov sovremennogo detskogo psikhoanaliza // Ezhegodnik detskogo psikhoanaliza i psikhoanaliticheskoy pedagogiki. – Izhevsk: ERGO. – 2009. – S. 90–101.
21. Paramonova, A.A. Otkrytie detstva v Rossii: Razvitie nauchnogo znaniya o rebenke v istorii otechestvennoy psikhologii kontsa XIX – nachala XX vv. Izhevsk: ERGO, 2010. – 172 s.
22. Paramonova, A.A. Detskiy psikhoanaliz v Rossii: vchera, segodnya, zavtra. Bibliografiya nauchnykh istochnikov po detskomu psikhoanalizu, izdannykh v 1900–2012 godakh. – M.: MGUTU, 2012. – 106 s.
23. Paramonova, A.A. Osnovnye problemy detskogo psikhoanaliza // Prikladnaya yuridicheskaya psikhologiya. – 2012. –№ 3. – S. 35–54.
24. Paramonova, A.A. Scientific contribution of Sigmund Freud in the development of children’s psychoanalysis // Psychology and psychotechnics. – 2012. –№ 9. – S. 16–26.
25. Paramonova, A.A. Development of the theory and techniques of child psychoanalysis in the works of Hermine Hg-Helmut (1871–1924) // Psychology and psychotechnics. – 2013. –№ 7. – S. 676–684.
26. Paramonova, A.A. The development of child psychoanalysis in works of Vera Fyodorovna Schmidt (1889– 1937) // Applied Sciences in Europe: tendencies of contemporary development, proceedings of the 3rd International scientific conference. ORT Publishing. – Stuttgart, 2013. –P.34–40.
27. Psychological and psychoanalytical library under the ed. of the Prof. I.D. Ermakov 1922–1925.: bibliography. – Izhevsk: ERGO, 2010. – 88p.
28. Richenbeher, S. Sabina Spielrein: Almost violent love for science (biography) / Richenbeher; [Translation from Germ.]. – Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 2007. – 386p.
29. Tyson, F., Tyson, L. Psychoanalytic theories of development. – Ekaterinburg: Business Book, 1998. – 462p.
30. Schmidt, V.F. Psychoanalytic education in the Soviet Union. The report about the solidarity international experimental home in Moscow / Translation f. Germ of Paramonova A.A. // Psychoanalytic Journal. – 2009. – Ed.20. – № 1. – P. 180–199.
31. Schmidt, V.F. Psychoanalytic and pedagogical works in 4–v.V.1: Mother’s Diary. / Under the scientific ed. S.F. Sirotkin. – Izhevsk: ERGO,2009. – 346p.
32. Schmidt ,V.F. The meaning of breastfeeding and the finger sucking for the mental development of the child // Yearbook of child psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic pedagogy / Man. Ed. S.F. Sirotkin. – Izhevsk: ERGO, 2008. – P. 134–146.
33. Schmidt, V.F. About one child’s Wissenstrieb development / Yearbook of child psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic pedagogy / Man. Ed. S.F. Sirotkin. – Izhevsk: ERGO, 2008. – P. 146–174;
34. Spielrein S.N. Psychoanalytic summa/ Transl. from Germ., Eng., French. / Under the scientific. Ed. of S.F. Sirotkin, E.S. Morozova. – Izhevsk: ERGO, 2008. – P. 478.
35. Spitz R., Kobliner G. First year of life: Psychoanalytic study of normal and abnormal development of object relations / Translation from English. – Moscow: GERRUS, 2000. – 360p.
36. Storck, J. Mental development of a young child from a psychoanalytic point of view // Encyclopedia of depth psychology. V. II. New directions in psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis of Society. Psychoanalytic movement. Psychoanalysis in Eastern Europe. / Translation from Germ. – M.: «Cogito Center,» MGM, 2001. – P.134–199.
37. Wolf, M.V. Psychology of children’s whims. – Odessa, 1929. – 39p.
38. Wolf, M.V. Fantasy and reality in the psyche of a child. – Odessa. 1926. – 42p
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