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Международные отношения
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Костюхин А.А. Западная экспертная оценка возможностей и перспектив военного сотрудничества с государствами Центральной Азии

Аннотация: Регион Центральной Азии, в который сейчас принято включать бывшие союзные республики СССР, а ныне независимые государства Казахстан, Узбекистан, Киргизию, Таджикистан и Туркмению , в течение последнего десятилетия XX — начала XXI вв. является одним из наиболее важных центров сосредоточения геостратегических интересов ведущих мировых держав. В последние годы этот регион все больше привлекает внимание поли-тиков, ученых и военных стратегов. Это обусловлено в первую очередь его геополитическим положением и наличием богатых природных ресурсов, особенно нефти и газа. Туркменистан обладает большими залежами нефти, газа, калийной и каменной соли, цветных и редкоземельных металлов. В Узбекистане находятся крупные месторождения природного газа, бурого и каменного угля, золота, меди, вольфрама, висмута, нефти. В Казахстане имеются большие запасы урана, свинца, цинка, хрома, золота, меди, висмута, молибдена, нефти, фосфоритов, бокситов, железа, марганца. В Киргизии найдены золото, сурьма, ртуть, уголь, нефть и газ. В Таджикистане сосредоточены месторождения урана, нефти и газа. Большинство стран региона занимают ведущие места в Азии по производству электроэнергии, продукции химической промышленности, металлургии.

Ключевые слова:

политология, международные отношения, центральная азия, военное сотрудничество, конфликты, НАТО, США, безопасность, национальные интересы, политика.

Abstract: The Central Asian region which includes the former USSR republics and currently independent states of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kirgizia, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan has became one of the most important centers for the geo-strategic interests of the states of global influence in the last decade of XX century and early XXI century. This region attracts more and more attention from the politicians, scientists, and military strategists. This is due first of all to its geopolitical positions, as well as to its natural riches, such as oil and gas. Turkmenistan possesses vast amounts of oil, gas, rock and potash salt, non-ferrous and rare earth metals. Uzbekistan has natural gas, brown and black coal, gold, copper, wolfram, bismuth, oil. Kazakhstan has uranium, lead, zinc, chrome, gold, copper, oil, iron, bismuth, molybdenum and phosphates, bauxites, manganese. Kirgizia has gold, mercury, black coal, oil and gas, as well as antimony. Tajikistan has uranium, oil and gas. Most of the states of this region hold leading positions in Asia on production of electric energy, chemical production, metal production.

Keywords:

political science, international relations, Central Asia, military cooperation, conflicts, the NATO, the USA, security, national interests, politics.


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Библиография
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13. Martha Brill Olcott, “The Caspian’s False Promise,” Foreign Policy, no. 111 (Summer 1998), pp. 95-112.
14. Amy Myers Jaffe and Robert Manning, “The Myth of the Caspian ‘Great Game’: The Real Geopolitics of Energy,” Survival, vol. 40, no. 4, (Winter 1998-99), pp. 112-131.
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